Alfred Adler s Birth Order - 1555 Words

Introduction Alfred Adler believed that one’s order of birth influenced their personality. Adler was one of the first of many psychologist to conjure up a theory about how one’s position , in terms of birth order effected a person’s personality traits. Adler made his discoveries by undergoing several studies that were used to help him identify patterns for particular within each specific birth order position, which included those who were only children and those who had siblings. Through his own research he was also able to emphasize how each individual has a self-perceived place in their family. All in all, Alfred Adler believed that one’s birth order had a direct correlation with their developing personality traits. Aside from the†¦show more content†¦in correlation to the personality traits that are being developed during the adolescent stage, birth order plays a major role on the personality traits that are developing amongst each adolescent individual . Many studies have been performed to solidify the correlation between how birth order can significantly influence the personality traits of adolescents. Take for instance the Beer and Horn (2000) study which focused on how the effects of an adopted family compares to those of an adolescent who are products of biological birth order, but affected by rearing order, raising up and caring for a child until they are fully grown. Usually, when a family adopts a child the biological firstborn is more likely to be raised with older siblings. Beer and Horn’s (2000) study called for there to be data used from two separate adoptive families. Beer and Horn’s (2000) data was collected from two adoptive family studies that had previously taken place. The two studies that reflected the data gathered by Beer and Horn (2000) were the Texas Adoption Project (TAP) and the Colorado Adoption Project (CAP). In both studies, the adopted child was labelled as the first-reared adopted adolescent child or later-reared adopted adolescent child and each study was undergone between- and within-family analyses. In a between-family analysis the a dolescents of the same birth order position were placed in one group and then were compared to another group of adolescents who possessed aShow MoreRelatedAlfred Adler s Birth Order Theory945 Words   |  4 PagesFor the final presentation for this course, I have decided to discuss Alfred Adler’s birth order theory. I essentially decided to choose this topic because I found it extremely intriguing on how someone’s birth order could have a profounding effect on their personality. Also I was able to relate to this topic on a personal level compared to some of the other theories. Meaning, when learning and talking about birth order, as the first born in my family I was able to compare a lot of my traits to theRead MoreA Summary On Adlerian Theory1302 Words   |  6 PagesAdlerian Theory Todd Overstreet Liberty University Abstract Adlerian theory, which is named after the famous psychotherapist Alfred Adler, is used mainly to give emphasis to birth order, theories relating to inferiority and superiority, individual life styles, and social interests as the main workings of personality. In Adlerian theory, mental well-being is decided by the degree of social contribution that is helpful to the greater community to the extent that one incorporates and advancesRead MoreSigmund Freud And Alfred Adler1867 Words   |  8 Pagesfundamental theory established by Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler. The areas of study for the theories they established were in personality and mental health. Sigmund Freud established the stages of personality and aspects of the human mind. Alfred Adler studied the individual as a whole. Their theories were quite different, but their main conflict was over the influence of sexuality in the human mind. Compare and Contrast: Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler Two of the well known and respected names in psychologyRead MoreEssay on Examining Kurt Cobains Personality1417 Words   |  6 Pagestheories, while certain characters may be best described by one theory. Although Kurt Cobain, a complex character, cannot possibly fit into any one personality theory perfectly, parts of his personality can be explained using theories created by Alfred Adler and Carol Rogers. Kurt Cobain was born on February 20, 1967, in Aberdeen, Washington. His mother Wendy was a waitress and his father Donald was a mechanic. His sister Kimberly was born in 1970. Cobain’s family had a musical background, and byRead MoreAlfred Adler s Take On Psychoanalysis3230 Words   |  13 Pages Neo-Freudian Alfred Adler’s take on Psychoanalysis Fenny Goyal M.D. Yorkville University ALFRED ADLER ON PSYCHOANALYSIS 2 Abstract Sigmund Freud introduced a whole new way to study our minds and psychology. He introduced the concept that we are consciously aware of very little in fact. His Psychosexual theory consisted of various stages an individual goes through from the start of birth. He introduced the Oedipus complex which boys encounter andRead MoreResource File and Personal Theory Paper904 Words   |  4 Pagesreligion and other cultural dimensions. Personal Theory Alfred Adler was born in 1870 in Austria and developed his own theory on Individual Psychology in 1912. Adler’s theory is closely related to Humanistic Psychology. Influenced by Freud, Smuts and Vaihinger, Adler based his theory on the client’s ability to live as a fully functioning adult in society. Adler’s holistic theory views each person as unified. Adler discussed birth order personality traits. Adler’s theory also discussed the rolesRead MoreOrdinal Position and Substance Abuse: Literature Review1652 Words   |  7 Pagesreview The idea that birth order affects personality is not a new one in psychological literature. The assumption that birth order and character are interrelated has become part of the common assumptions therapists bring to their relationships with clients. For example, one study of 308 clinicians found that upon offering the same profile of a prototypical client, with only the birth order changed in the profile, once the client was viewed as exemplifying a particular birth order, clinicians prognosticRead MoreNeo Analytic And Ego Aspects Of Personality Theory Essay1536 Words   |  7 Pagesthree aspects within the human mind, the id, ego and the superego. As more theorist began to emerge in the field of personality analysis, several of Freud’s theories were revised. Neo-Analytic and Ego Aspects emerged as theorist including Carl Jung, Alfred Alder, Erik Erickson and Karen Horney stressed Freud’s ideas regarding sexuality, early experience, socialization and the unconscious mind were misguided (King, 2013). Carl Jung, who lived from 1875 to 1961 and was considered Freud’s prodigy, grewRead More How Sibling Relationship is affected by the Psychological and Emotional Effects of Birth Order?2052 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Birth Order Birth order is addressed as the arrangement of births of children in a family. The four most common positions used in the Birth Order Theory of Alfred Adler are: only child, first born, middle child and last born. Adler associated those birth order positions with different characteristics for each. He also explained that with every child that will be added to the family there will be an effect for each family member in terms of communication, tasks and duties. (CraigheadRead MoreWho Is Born Into Their Family?1702 Words   |  7 PagesThe order in which a person is born into their family plays substantial role in the individual’s development of personality. Birth order is believed to influence many aspects of one’s personality. The familial atmosphere is the first group experience a child has and the child’s role in their family influences the development of the child’s individual personality traits. In families, children learn what is valuable and meanin gful to their parents and siblings and they compete with their siblings for

Design And Develop The Hip Prosthesis With Cementless...

As mentioned in the first chapter, this research aims to design and develop the hip prosthesis with cementless fixation for specific breeds of dogs. In order to find the solution systematically, several steps need to be taken as follows; 3.1 Data acquisition phase In this phase, it is necessary to study and investigate in depth in order to clarify what are the problems, the root causes and the requirements as well as other obligations. 3.2 Systematic design phase The result of the previous step will be extracted to many concepts for the solution. All possible concepts will be evaluated. The most optimum concept will be chosen as a basic concept for further functional, embodiment and detail design. Thereafter, FEM analysis will be applied†¦show more content†¦The former is requirements which must be met under all circumstances. On the other hand, if any of these requirements are not fulfilled the solution is not acceptable. Wishes are requirements that should be taken into consideration whenever possible. 3.2.2 Conceptual design The conceptual design step involves the establishment of function structures, the search for suitable solution principles and their combination into concept variants. It consists of several states as shown in figure 3.2. Figure 3.1: Checklist for setting up a requirement list [69] Figure 3.2: Steps of conceptual design [69] 3.2.2.1 Abstract to identify the essential problems The requirements (specifications) must be abstracted step by step to identify the essential problems; Step 1: Eliminate personal preferences. Step 2: Omit requirements that have no direct bearing on the function and the essential constraints. Step 3: Transform quantitative data into qualitative data and reduce to essential statements. Step 4: Generalize the results of the previous step. Step 5: Formulate the problem in solution-neutral term. 3.2.2.2 Establishment of function structure In this state, the result of the last state will be converted to functions. In addition, it is possible to indicate an overall function based on the flow of energy, material and signals. Using of a block diagram, they can be expressed the solution neutral relationship between inputs and outputs. Figure 3.3: Symbols

The Hunters Moonsong Chapter Seven Free Essays

â€Å"It would have been difficult to find a group of settlers less suited to building a brand-new colony than the one hundred and five men who sailed up the river from the Chesapeake Bay in 1607 and founded Jamestown,† Professor Campbel lectured from the front of Elena’s class. â€Å"While there were a couple of carpenters, a mason, a blacksmith, and maybe a dozen laborers among them, they were far outnumbered by the self-proclaimed gentlemen who made up almost half the party.† He paused and smiled sardonical y. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Seven or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"‘Gentlemen’ in this case signifies men without a profession or trade. Many of them were lazy, idle men who had joined the London Company’s expedition in the hope of making a profit without realizing how much work founding a colony in the New World was real y going to entail. The settlers landed in the spring, and by the end of September, half of them were dead. By January, when Captain Newport returned with supplies and more colonists, only thirty-eight of the original settlers remained.† Lazy and clueless, Elena wrote neatly in her notebook. Dead in less than a year. History of the South was her very first class, and col ege was already proving to be an eye-opening experience. Her high school teachers had always stressed courage and enterprise when they talked about Virginia’s early settlers, not haplessness. â€Å"On Thursday, we’l talk about the legend of John Smith and Pocahontas. We’re going to discuss the facts and how they differ from Smith’s own account, as he had a tendency toward self-promotion,† Professor Campbel announced. â€Å"The reading assignment is in the syl abus, so please come prepared for a lively discussion next time.† He was a plump, energetic little man, whose smal black eyes swept the class and landed unerringly on Elena as he added, â€Å"Elena Gilbert? Please stay after class for a moment. I’d like to speak with you.† She had time to wonder, nervously, how he knew which of his students she was as the rest of the class straggled out of the room, a few stopping to ask him questions. She hadn’t spoken up during his lecture, and there were about fifty students in the class. As the last of her classmates disappeared out the door, she approached his desk. â€Å"Elena Gilbert,† he said avuncularly, his bright eyes searching hers. â€Å"I do apologize for taking up your time. But when I heard your name, I had to ask.† He paused, and Elena dutiful y replied, â€Å"Had to ask what, Professor?† â€Å"I know the name Gilbert, you see,† he said, â€Å"and the more I look at you, the more you remind me of someone – two someones – who were once very dear friends of mine. Could you possibly be the daughter of Elizabeth Morrow and Thomas Gilbert?† â€Å"Yes, I am,† said Elena slowly. She ought to have expected that she might meet someone who knew her parents here at Dalcrest, but it felt weird to hear their names, al the same. â€Å"Ah!† He laced his fingers across his stomach and gave her a satisfied smile. â€Å"You look so much like Elizabeth. It startled me when you came into the room. But there’s a touch of Thomas in you, too, make no mistake about that. Something about your expression, I think. Seeing you takes me right back to my own days as an undergraduate. She was a lovely girl, your mother, just lovely.† â€Å"You went to school here with my parents?† Elena asked. â€Å"I certainly did.† Professor Campbel ‘s smal black eyes widened. â€Å"They were two of my best friends here. Two of the best friends I ever had. We lost track of each other over the years, I’m afraid, but I heard about the accident.† He unlaced his fingers and hesitantly touched her arm. â€Å"I’m so sorry.† â€Å"Thank you.† Elena bit her lip. â€Å"They never talked much about their col ege years. Maybe as I got older, they would have†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Her voice trailed off, and she realized with dismay that her eyes had fil ed with tears. â€Å"Oh, my dear, I didn’t mean to upset you.† Professor Campbel patted his jacket pockets. â€Å"And I’ve never got a tissue when I need one. Oh, please don’t cry.† His comical expression of distress made Elena give him a watery-eyed smile, and he relaxed and smiled in return. â€Å"There, that’s better,† he said. â€Å"You know, if you’d like to hear more about your parents and what they were like back then, I’d be happy to tel you about them. I’ve got al kinds of stories.† â€Å"Real y?† Elena said hopeful y. She felt a flicker of excitement. Aunt Judith talked with Elena about her mother sometimes, but the memories she shared were mostly from their childhood. And Elena real y didn’t know much about her father’s past at al : he’d been an only child and his parents were dead. â€Å"Certainly, certainly,† Professor Campbel said cheerful y. â€Å"Come to my office hours, and I’l tel you al about our hijinks back in the old days. I’m there every Monday and Friday from three to five, and I’l put out a welcome mat for you. Metaphorical y speaking, of course. Serve you some of the horrible department coffee.† â€Å"Thank you, Professor Campbel ,† Elena said. â€Å"I’d love that.† â€Å"Cal me James,† he said. â€Å"It’s nothing at al . Anything I can do to make you feel at home here at Dalcrest.† He cocked his head to one side and looked at her quizzical y, his eyes as bright and curious as a smal animal’s. â€Å"After al , as the daughter of Elizabeth and Thomas, you must be a very special girl.† The big black crow outside the open lecture-room window paced back and forth, clenching and unclenching its powerful talons around the branch on which it was perched. Damon wanted to transform back into his vampire self, climb through the window, and have a quick but effective interrogation session with that professor. But Elena wouldn’t like that. She was so naive, dammit. Yes, yes, she was his lovely, bril iant, clever princess, but she was ridiculously naive, too; they al were. Damon irritably preened his ruffled feathers back into iridescent sleekness. They were just so young. At this point, Damon was able to look back and say that no one learned anything in life, not for her first hundred years or so. You had to be immortal, real y, to have the time to learn to look out for yourself properly. Take Elena, gazing so trustful y at her professor. After al she’d been through, al she’d seen, she was so easy to lul into complacency – al the man had to do was dangle the promise of information about her parents in front of her, and she’d happily trot off to meet him in his office whenever he suggested. Sentimental ninny. What could the man possibly tel her that would be of any real importance? Nothing could bring her parents back. The professor wasn’t a danger, most likely. Damon had probed him with his Power, felt nothing but the flickering of a human mind, no dark surge of answering Power coming from the little man, no sWellof disturbing or violent emotion. But he couldn’t be sure, could he? Damon’s Power couldn’t detect every monster, couldn’t predict every twist of the human heart. But the real problem here was Elena. She’d forgotten, clearly, that she’d lost al her Power, that the Guardians had stripped her back to being just a vulnerable, fragile mortal girl again. She thought, wrongly, that she could protect herself. They were al like that. Damon had been infuriated at first to slowly realize that he was starting to feel like al of them were his humans. Not just his lovely Elena and the little redbird, but all of them, the witch Mrs. Flowers and the hunter and that meathead of a boy as Well. Those last two didn’t even like him, but he felt compel ed to keep an eye on them, to prevent them from damaging themselves through their innate stupidity. Damon wasn’t the one who wanted to be here. No, the â€Å"let’s al join hands and dance off to further our educations together† idea wasn’t his, and he’d treated it with the proper scorn. He wasn’t Stefan. He wasn’t going to waste his time pretending to be one of the mortal children. But he had found, to his dismay, that he didn’t want to lose them, either. It was embarrassing. Vampires were not pack animals, not like humans. He wasn’t supposed to care what happened to them. These children should be prey, and nothing more. But being dead and coming back, fighting the jealousy phantom and letting go of the sick envy and misery that had held him captive ever since he was a human, had changed Damon. With that hard bal of hate gone from the middle of his chest, where it had lived for so long, he found himself feeling lighter. Almost as if he †¦ cared. Embarrassing or not, it felt surprisingly comfortable, having this connection to the little group of humans. He’d have died – again – rather than admit it aloud, though. He clacked his beak a few times as Elena said good-bye to her professor and left the classroom. Then Damon spread his wings and flapped down to a tree next to the building’s entrance. Nearby, a thin young man was posting a flyer with a girl’s picture on another tree, and Damon flew over to get a closer look. Missing Student, the top of the flyer said, and below the picture were details of a nighttime disappearance: no clues, no leads, no evidence, no idea where nineteen-year-old Taylor Harrison might be. Suspicion of foul play. The promise of a reward from her anxious family for information leading to her safe return. Damon let out a rough caw. There was something wrong here. He’d known it already – had felt something a little off about this campus as soon as he’d arrived two days ago, although he hadn’t been able to quite put his finger on it. Why else would he have been so worried about his princess? Elena came out of the building and started across the quad, tucking her long golden hair behind her ears, oblivious to the black crow that swooped from tree to tree above her. Damon was going to find out what was going on here, and he was going to do it before whatever it was touched any of his humans. Especial y Elena. How to cite The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Seven, Essay examples

Accounting 1 free essay sample

Referencing: APA referencing is to be used only where necessary however you DO NOT need to reference the assignment question. However, you DO need to reference your textbook (or any other text) IF you have QUOTED or PARAPHASED it. (See the library course page on the ACCTG 101 Cecil home page for details on how to use APA referencing). Always answer the questions in your own words. Presentation: Typed on A4 paper using Arial font and 11 font size. If calculations or tables are required for an answer they should be set out neatly and labelled clearly. Bullet point answers are acceptable only if the whole sentence makes sense. Plussage: It is important that you attempt this assignment to the best of your ability in order to qualify for plussage (see details in course book document on Cecil for details). Hand in: Please make sure that you hand your assignment into the correct box. Do not post it in the RETURN box as it will NOT be marked. The POSTING boxes are directly behind the lift on level 0 in the OGGB building. Workings: For any calculation type questions, you should show all workings, no matter how trivial they may be. This is good practice for the test and exam. Questions 40 marks 1. Business Organisation – 6 marks Select a company listed on the New Zealand Stock Exchange (NZX) https://www. nzx. com/markets/NZSX/indices/ALL. Locate the latest Annual Report. You may not use Auckland International Airport or The Warehouse’s annual reports to answer this question. Using information from the NZX website and the latest Annual Report of the company that you have selected, answer the following questions; a. What is the name of the company? Is it a service, merchandising or manufacturing company? 1 mark) b. Who is the largest shareholder of the company and what percentage of the business do they own? (1 mark) c. What is the market capitalisation? State the date and source for your answer. (Show your workings). (1 mark) d. What is the book value of the company? State the source for your answer. (1 mark) e. Discuss two reasons why there is a difference between the book value and the market val ue (capitalisation) and provide relevant examples of each reason. (2 marks) (Total 6 marks) Page 1 of 3 Assignment 01 Questions DUE DATE: 8 April 2013 2. Cost Volume Profit – 12 marks (a) Planters for Africa Company plans to sell 1,000 chainsaws at $400 each in the coming year. Product costs include: Direct materials per chainsaw Direct labour per chainsaw Variable factory overhead per chainsaw Total factory overhead cost Fixed selling and administrative expenses Total selling and administrative costs $180 $100 $25 $40,000 $30,000 $50,000 Required: Costs and contributions: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) Calculate the total variable costs per chainsaw. Calculate the total fixed costs for the year. Calculate the number of chainsaws that must sell to breakeven. Calculate the contribution margin ratio. Calculate the breakeven point in sales dollars. (0. 5 mark) (0. 5 mark) (1 mark) (1 mark) (1 mark) (1 mark) Prepare a contribution margin income statement based on the number of units calculated in (vii) above. (5 marks) Calculate the number of chainsaws that must be sold to earn a profit of $37,500. (b) Two companies have identical sales revenue of $15 million. Is it true that both have the same operating income and the same margin of safety? Is it possible that one company has a higher margin of safety? 2 marks) (Total 12 marks) Page 2 of 3 Assignment 01 Questions DUE DATE: 8 April 2013 3. Budgeting – 22 marks Margo Manufacturing produces a radiator used in the production of Toyota Pruis engines. The radiator is sold to a vehicle manufacturer. Projected sales for the coming five months are: January, 48,000 units; February, 55,000 units; March, 61,000 units; April, 69,000 u nits and May, 73,000 units. The unit selling price of the radiator is $199. The total budgeted figures for the monthly selling and administrative expenses are: January February March $298,000 $153,120 $164,400 Margo Manufacturing has the following production policies: Finished goods inventory: The desired ending inventory for each month is 80% of the next month’s sales. Inventory on January 1st was 40,000 units. Direct Materials: Eight kilograms of metal is used per unit of output. The per kilogram cost of metal is $12. The inventory policy dictates that sufficient direct material be on hand at the end of the month to produce 50% of the next month’s production needs. This is exactly the amount of material on hand on 31 December of the prior year. Direct Labour: The direct labour used per unit of output is four hours. The rate per hour is $16. 65. Overhead each month is estimated using a flexible budget formula. The cost driver for variable overheads is direct labour hours: Fixed-Cost Component ($) 45,000 41,000 190,000 30,000 69,200 Variable-Cost Component ($) 0. 50 0. 60 Maintenance Supervision Depreciation Rates Utilities All sales and purchases are for cash. Overheads and direct labour are paid in the month they are incurred. The cash balance on January 1st equals $200,000. The firm requires a minimum ending balance of $50,000. If the firm develops a cash shortage by the end of the month, sufficient cash is borrowed to cover the shortage. Any cash borrowed is repaid at the end of the quarter. The interest due on the cash borrowed is paid at the end of each month. The interest rate is 12 percent per annum. No money is owed at the beginning of January. Required Prepare the following budgets for the months of January, February and March. It is suggested that you use Excel to prepare these budgets. (i) Production budget in units. (3 marks) (ii) Direct materials purchases budget in kilograms and dollars. (5 marks) (iii) Direct labour budget. (2 marks) (iv) Overhead budget. (3 marks) (v) Cash budget. (9 marks) (Total 22 marks) Page 3 of 3